Venture M&A remains sluggish due to high interest rates and low fund distributions, with most deals happening at the earliest stages. A meaningful rebound hinges on lower hurdle rates, improved startup performance, and the growing appeal of secondary sales as discounts narrow.

IPO and venture activity remain sluggish despite a slight uptick in 2023, with interest rates—not policy—being the key constraint. A real rebound likely won’t come until 2025 or later, and only for companies with strong fundamentals, not sky-high growth stories.

The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) is a $500 billion federal initiative focused on cutting emissions, lowering healthcare costs, and increasing revenue through tax reform. Over $369 billion is dedicated to clean energy through tax credits, loans, and R&D, aiming to reduce U.S. emissions by 40% by 2030 and revitalize domestic manufacturing.

Venture capital has cooled significantly since the 2021 SPAC boom due to rising interest rates, with funding down ~30% annually. Despite the Inflation Reduction Act's support for clean tech, startups face challenges accessing it, and investors still prioritize market viability over government incentives.